The most commonly implicated is a rhinovirus (30–80%), a type of picornavirus with 99 known serotypes. The common cold is an infection of the upper respiratory tract which can be caused by many different viruses. They have a halo or crown-like (corona) appearance when viewed under an electron microscope. Ĭoronaviruses are a group of viruses known for causing the common cold. These infections have existed throughout human history. Infections occur more commonly during the winter. Under normal circumstances, the average adult gets two to three colds a year, while the average child may get six to eight. The common cold is the most frequent infectious disease in humans. Antibiotics, however, should not be used, as all colds are caused by viruses, and there is no good evidence that cough medicines are effective. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as ibuprofen may help with pain. Zinc may reduce the duration and severity of symptoms if started shortly after the onset of symptoms.
There is also no cure, but the symptoms can be treated. Some evidence supports the use of face masks. The primary methods of prevention are hand washing not touching the eyes, nose or mouth with unwashed hands and staying away from sick people. The symptoms of influenza are similar to those of a cold, although usually more severe and less likely to include a runny nose. The symptoms are mostly due to the body's immune response to the infection rather than to tissue destruction by the viruses themselves. Risk factors include going to child care facilities, not sleeping well, and psychological stress. They spread through the air during close contact with infected people or indirectly through contact with objects in the environment, followed by transfer to the mouth or nose. Well over 200 virus strains are implicated in causing the common cold, with rhinoviruses, coronaviruses, adenoviruses and enteroviruses being the most common. Occasionally, those with other health problems may develop pneumonia. People usually recover in seven to ten days, but some symptoms may last up to three weeks. These may include coughing, sore throat, runny nose, sneezing, headache, and fever. Signs and symptoms may appear less than two days after exposure to the virus.
The common cold, also known simply as a cold, is a viral infectious disease of the upper respiratory tract that primarily affects the respiratory mucosa of the nose, throat, sinuses, and larynx. Hand washing, face masks, cough etiquette, avoiding sick people Ģ–3 per year (adults) 6–8 per year (children)
Usually none, but occasionally otitis media, sinusitis, pneumonia and sepsis can occur Īllergic rhinitis, bronchitis, bronchiolitis, pertussis, sinusitis Cold, acute viral nasopharyngitis, nasopharyngitis, viral rhinitis, rhinopharyngitis, acute coryza, head cold, upper respiratory tract infection (URTI) Ī representation of the molecular surface of one variant of human rhinovirusĬough, sore throat, runny nose, fever
0 kommentar(er)
